Foreign nationals seeking employment in the Netherlands must navigate a large (but clear) set of rules to legally work in the country. From understanding how Dutch immigration laws apply to international professionals, to knowing which visa option fits a specific job opportunity, the process involves multiple steps and entities.
For global companies planning to hire talent in the Netherlands or individuals preparing for a move, the right legal guidance and timely paperwork are essential to stay compliant and avoid unnecessary delays.
How to get legal work authorization in the Netherlands
In most cases, foreign nationals who are not citizens of the EU, EEA, or Switzerland need a work permit to be employed in the Netherlands, though there can be exceptions for highly skilled migrants and startup founders. The work permit acts as legal proof that the employee is authorized to work and that the employer has fulfilled its responsibilities under Dutch labor laws.
How IND governs work authorization
The Immigration and Naturalization Service (IND) is the government agency responsible for granting work and residence permits. It works in coordination with the Employee Insurance Agency (UWV), especially for single permit applications that combine residence and employment approval. The IND ensures applicants meet the qualifications for the visa type requested and that employers comply with sponsorship obligations.
More information on IND policies is available through the IND website.
Employment opportunities for foreign nationals
The Netherlands offers employment opportunities across sectors like IT, engineering, logistics, and finance. English-speaking jobs are widely available, especially in international companies and startups. The Dutch labor market is particularly attractive for skilled professionals due to competitive salaries and strong worker protections. That said, some roles require knowledge of Dutch, and candidates should research whether language skills are a prerequisite.
Types of Netherlands work visas
Several work visas are available depending on the applicant’s qualifications and employment needs. These include the highly skilled migrant visa, intra-corporate transferee permit, EU Blue Card, and the startup/self-employment visa. Each comes with its own eligibility criteria and responsibilities for both the employer and employee.
EU Blue Card for skilled migrants
The EU Blue Card is aimed at non-EU nationals with a university degree and a job offer with a salary above a set threshold. This card allows high-skilled professionals to work and live in the Netherlands and other participating EU countries. It also offers a pathway to long-term residence after a few years.
Intra-corporate transferee visa
For multinational companies transferring employees from outside the EU to a Dutch branch, the Intra-Corporate Transferee (ICT) permit is the go-to option. It applies to managers, specialists, and trainees and requires evidence of a prior employment relationship with the company for at least three months.
Self-employment visa option
Entrepreneurs can apply for a self-employment visa if they can demonstrate that their business adds value to the Dutch economy. The Dutch Enterprise Agency (RVO) assesses applications based on a point system that considers factors like business innovation, market analysis, and financial projections.
Essential documents needed
Applicants typically need a valid passport, employment contract, proof of qualifications, and documentation related to the employer’s sponsorship. Some visas also require proof of accommodation and health insurance. Incomplete applications can delay the approval process, so gathering all required documents upfront is essential.
Understanding the GVVA single permit
The GVVA single permit combines the residence and work authorization into one application for most non-EU nationals. The employer usually submits the application, which the IND and UWV jointly assess. The GVVA streamlines the process but also involves strict requirements related to labor market testing and salary levels.
Criminal record
Applicants must declare any criminal record. While a minor offense may not result in automatic denial, the IND reviews each case individually. Integrity and legal compliance are major factors in the decision-making process.
Responsibilities of the employer
Employers must be recognized sponsors to hire most foreign workers. This means they must be registered with the IND and demonstrate financial health, good conduct, and compliance with Dutch labor laws. Employers are responsible for initiating visa applications and ensuring ongoing compliance with salary and working condition requirements.
Application process
First, the applicant must secure a job offer, as a valid employment contract is required before applying. In most cases, the employer is responsible for submitting the permit application on behalf of the applicant. Once submitted, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (IND), often in coordination with the Employee Insurance Agency (UWV), reviews the request by assessing the applicant’s qualifications, the employer’s eligibility, and current labor market needs. If the application is approved, the applicant is issued a residence card or sticker, which includes authorization to work.
Navigating the visa application system
Applications can be submitted online through the IND portal. Processing times vary by visa type, but most decisions are made within 90 days. The system requires precise documentation and communication between employer, employee, and the IND.
Employment contract and other required documents
The employment contract should clearly outline the role, salary, duration, and working hours. Supporting documents such as educational diplomas, proof of health insurance, and a valid passport must also be included.
Implications for US citizens
U.S. citizens generally need a work permit and a sponsoring employer to work in the Netherlands unless they qualify for a visa exemption or another special category. The U.S. has a friendship treaty with the Netherlands for entrepreneurs, but not for employed workers.
Minimum salary thresholds for work permit
As of 2025, the minimum gross salary for highly skilled migrants aged 30 and older is approximately $5,730 USD per month. For those under 30, the minimum is around $4,200 USD per month. These thresholds are updated annually and play a crucial role in qualifying for certain types of permits. See the latest thresholds here.
Working without a TWV or GVVA permit
Working without a valid permit is illegal and can lead to fines for both the employee and employer. Enforcement is strict, and violations can affect future immigration applications.
Employment options for non-EU/EEA citizens
Non-EU/EEA citizens can still find employment in the Netherlands through recognized sponsors and qualifying visa routes. Opportunities are strong in fields facing talent shortages, such as healthcare, IT, and education.
Dutch immigration laws
Immigration laws in the Netherlands are designed to balance labor market needs with social protections. Recent changes aim to attract global talent while preventing misuse of the permit system. Stay updated on policy changes here.
How Velocity Global can help
Velocity Global simplifies global hiring by helping companies legally employ talent in the Netherlands through its comprehensive Employer of Record (EOR) solution. From ensuring work permits are secured to managing ongoing compliance with Dutch labor laws, Velocity Global acts as a strategic partner every step of the way.
With expertise in over 185 countries and deep knowledge of local employment regulations, Velocity Global removes the friction from cross-border hiring so companies can focus on growth. Learn more about how Velocity Global supports hiring in the Netherlands and why it’s trusted by some of the world’s most forward-thinking companies.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for general purposes only and should not be construed as legal advice. For personalized guidance, consult an immigration lawyer or local legal advisor.
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Immigration + Relocation
