With Vietnam’s growing economy, business-friendly reforms, and vibrant culture, it’s no wonder it has become an increasingly attractive destination for foreign professionals. As with any international move, it’s imperative to follow the law by understanding how to get the correct work permits and visas.
Work permits vs. work visas
Work permits and work visas are the two main types of work authorization documents issued in Vietnam, and they each serve different purposes. A work visa allows entry into Vietnam for employment purposes, while a work permit gives legal permission to work in Vietnam for a specific employer and position.
Work permits are typically valid for up to two years, with the possibility of renewal. In most cases, individuals must obtain a job offer before applying for a work permit, as employer sponsorship is usually required during the application process.
Work visas vs. business visas
A business visa (DN1 or DN2) allows foreign nationals to enter Vietnam for short-term reasons, such as meetings or market research. However, it does not provide legal authorization to work.
A work visa (LD1 or LD2) is issued to individuals who already have or are in the process of obtaining a work permit. This visa is required for foreigners who intend to live and work in Vietnam.
Tourist visa authorizations
A tourist visa does not permit any form of employment and working while on a tourist visa can lead to fines, deportation, and reentry bans. Foreign nationals must secure authorization through the proper channels before beginning any job in Vietnam.
Eligibility criteria for work permits
Vietnam’s eligibility standards include being 18 or older, having relevant qualifications or experience, being in good health, and having a clean criminal background.
Eligibility criteria for work visas
Those with an offer of employment from a company based in Vietnam are eligible to apply for a work visa, though the employer must first submit documents such as a copy of the labor contract and the company registration to the Vietnamese Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (DOLISA).
Certain individuals—such as intra-company transferees or volunteers—may be exempt from acquiring a work permit, but they must still apply for a work visa. More information on exemptions is available via the Vietnam Business TV explanation of work permit exemptions.
A university degree is not always required to get a work permit. Professionals can qualify if they have at least five years of relevant experience, proven through employment records or certifications. Certain sectors—like education—may require academic credentials to be eligible.
In recent years, Vietnamese authorities have tightened enforcement on qualifications and documentation, so accurate and verifiable records are more essential than ever.
Legal requirements for foreign employees
According to the Vietnamese Labor Code, foreign workers must have a valid work permit, signed labor contract, and appropriate visa. Employers are also required to register the employee’s information with DOLISA and are responsible for ensuring compliance throughout the duration of employment.
All foreign workers must also participate in Vietnam’s social insurance system unless they qualify for an exemption.
Work visa application process
Securing a work permit and visa in Vietnam involves several steps, typically completed with the help of the employer:
- Job offer and labor contract: The process begins with a signed employment agreement.
- Request for foreign labor approval: The employer must submit a request to DOLISA at least 30 days before the applicant’s start date.
- Prepare application documents: This includes a valid passport, health certificate, background check, list of qualifications, and a passport photo.
- Submit application: DOLISA processes the application within 10–15 working days.
- Apply for work visa: Once the work permit is approved, the individual can apply for an LD visa at a Vietnamese embassy or consulate.
Required documents and application form completion
Documents must be translated into Vietnamese and legalized. These include:
- Passport (which remains valid for at least six months)
- Health certificate (issued within the last 12 months)
- Criminal record (from home country or Vietnam)
- Qualifications (degree or proof of experience)
- Passport photos
Accurate completion of the Vietnam visa application form and supporting documents is essential. Incomplete or incorrect applications are a common cause of delay.
Processing time for Vietnam work visa
Typically, it takes around 10–15 working days for work permit approval once all documents have been submitted. Visa issuance may take an additional 5–7 business days. As always, timelines vary depending on the province and complexity of the case.
Costs and fees
The fee for a work permit is typically US$100–150. Visa fees vary based on type and duration, but a single-entry LD visa usually costs around US$25–50.
Foreign documents must be notarized and legalized, which adds additional cost. Translation fees and health checks also add to the total.
Payment methods and official channels
Payments must be made through authorized government offices or embassies. Applicants should avoid intermediaries or unofficial brokers, as scams are common. Always confirm payment instructions on official Vietnamese immigration websites.
Life and work in Vietnam for foreign professionals
Vietnam’s modern cities have a surprisingly low cost of living and a welcoming business climate. Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi are both known for having strong expat communities.
Securing employment and the role of the employer
The employer is responsible for initiating the work permit process. Companies that regularly hire foreign talent usually have HR teams familiar with the process. For smaller or less experienced businesses, working with an Employer of Record (EOR) provider, such as Velocity Global, simplifies things greatly.
Integrating into Vietnam
Vietnamese workplaces value respect, punctuality, and teamwork. Adapting to this work culture may require changes, but it is worth the effort. Expats speak highly of the country’s friendly locals and vibrant culture.
Visa challenges
The number one hurdle is mistakes. Common errors include submitting expired or incomplete health certificates, incorrect translations, or missing deadlines. Legal changes, like the updated Decree No. 70/2023/ND-CP, have adjusted some criteria for foreign labor, so make sure all documents submitted are meeting the most recent requirements.
Applicant resources
Applicants should consult with their employer, the Vietnamese Department of Labor, or specialized immigration lawyers. Online expat communities and embassy websites can also be helpful. Those looking for a streamlined approach often turn to global employment providers for end-to-end support.
How Velocity Global can help
For businesses expanding into Vietnam, Velocity Global simplifies every step of the employment process. With deep knowledge of local labor laws and a strong in-country presence, Velocity Global acts as an Employer of Record to hire, onboard, and pay talent compliantly in Vietnam, all without the need to establish a local entity.
Discover how Velocity Global’s Global EOR solution helps companies scale across borders while remaining compliant. For those navigating Vietnam’s complex visa landscape, Velocity Global provides clarity, expertise, and peace of mind.
To learn more about compliant hiring in Vietnam and beyond, explore Velocity Global’s resources for global expansion.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is for general informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal advice. For personalized guidance, consult an immigration lawyer or local legal advisor.
Topics:
Immigration + Relocation
